Journal of the stylistic of Persian poem and prose
volume Number 17، number In Volume 4، July 2024 ، issue Number 98

Analyzing Lucien Goldman's sociological critique on the symbolism of natural elements in contemporary poetry (Case study: poems of Akhwan Sales, Ahmad Shamlou and Forough Farrokhzad)

Mohammadreza Mehdizadeh , Bahram Parvin Gonabadi (Author in Charge), Maryam Mohammadi

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Sociological analysis and evaluation of literary works, especially contemporary poetry, through obtaining the intellectual background and possible awareness and worldview of the poet, reveals the various intellectual structures of the society of which the artist is considered a member. Natural symbols, which are taken from the world around the poet, can reflect the worldview of the poet in a sociological reading. This research aims to achieve the dominant intellectual system in the thought of these poets by analyzing contemporary poetry and natural symbols in the poetry of Mahdi Akhwan Al-Talihi, Ahmad Shamlou and Forough Farrokhzad based on Lewis Goldman"s sociological theory.

METHODOLOGY: In its sociological perspective, the forward-looking essay has used the descriptive-analytical library method and has reread the text of the selected poems in the framework of the theory of sociological criticism with a focus on the works and writings of Lucien Goldman.

FINDINGS: Lucien Goldman, a famous sociologist, relies on his theory of developmental structuralism to decode and analyze the society reflected in literary works and emphasizes that literary works create the society within itself with all its hidden and visible angles and dimensions. he does. The third brotherhood, Shamlou and Farrokhzad are all three poets whose sociological attention to various aspects and angles of life, problems, political and cultural atmosphere of the society can be followed in their poems.

CONCLUSION: The results of this research show that all three poets, especially in the second period of their poetry and from a year after the coup d"etat of August 28, 1332, reacted against the social categories of the era and as an activist, political activist and social critic, they were able to deal with contradictions, ruins, poverty. , express injustice, tyranny, etc. with symbolism with the help of natural elements in an effective way and present a clear picture of the second Pahlavi society.

Keyword
Sociology , Lucien Goldman , Akhavan , including Forough Farrokhzad , Natural symbols.

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